Język Polski
English
No. 1(15) (2017)
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Zbigniew Nawrocki. Biography
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 10-11
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Zbigniew Nawrocki. Academic achievements
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 12-16
PDF (Język Polski)
Structures and staff 
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Staff of the Security Departament / ds. SB KP MO/KMiP MO in Nowy Sącz between 1957–1975
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 19-77
The article discusses the issue of staffing of the Security Department in Nowy Sącz in the years 1957–1975. Full-time status and organisation of the department based on the organizational orders were described, also there is a presentation of the characteristics of the deputies of the MO commanders dealing with security or security service and all characteristics of Security Service officers in Nowy Sącz including the evaluation of their work and the tasks carried out. Based on the personal files there is a presentation of a group portrait of the staff of the Department and personnel rotation is also discussed. Article also includes an annex showing the timeline of the career of all employed in the Security Department in Nowy Sącz.
Departmental and non-departmental training
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Short Story of the Central School of Ministry of Public Security in Łódź between 1945–1947
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 81-101
Article talks about the Central School (CS) of Ministry of Public Security (MBP) between 1945–1947. It was a main institution, used for training of the staff for the communistic security apparatus in Poland in its first years of functioning. Participants of the training done by the CS of MBP in Łódź gained a basic knowledge about the methods of operational work in the field of forensics and ways of conducting investigations. In order to fulfil the special training, participants took part in the general knowledge subjects like Polish language or geography, political and army subjects. Totally the course was completed by 2,4 thousand officers, part of which, after completing the training, took over managerial positions. In the mid 1947 the school was relocated to Legionowo near Warsaw, due to the need of bringing the institution closer to the Centre of MBP. The possibility of using Ministry Staff to participate as lectures, was expected to contribute to update the teaching program and improve its effectiveness.
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Professional and political training of private and non-commissioned officers between 1945–1954
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 103-125
The article is about training of the privates and non-commissioned officers of Citizens’ Militia (MO) between 1945–1954. Their knowledge and professional skills were a key of their effectiveness in combating crime and keeping the public order. Also their ideological formation leading to devotion and loyalty to the “people’s power”. In order to provide a basic training for the officers, a training was carried at the individual MO units and at the Voivodeship Committees a Training Course for Citizens’ Militia Privates was introduced, lastly a Central School was created – Training Centre for Citizens’ Militia in Słupsk. In 1954 a reform of militia’s education has begun. From 15th October 1954, a Training Centre in Słupsk was liquidated and Training Centre of Militia Citizen Officers in Szczytno and Officers School in Piła were appointed. All of the other Voivodeship related training courses were replaced by Training Centre for Privates in Słupsk. Earlier, in 1950, a Training course for police dogs was moved from Słupsk to Sułkowice, joining a School for guide and service dogs with department of training of Staff Dogs of Internal Security Corps (KBW). This new model of training in Citizens’ Militia introduced between 1954–1957, with little changes has survived in its state until the end of MO’s activity.
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Education and training of the officers Department IV of the Ministry of the Internal Affairs
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 127-143
The article describes the professional path of number of officers of Department IV of the Ministry of the Internal Affairs. These cases are an interesting example of obtaining training by people who in the structures of the repression apparatus dealt with combating the activities of secular Catholic associations.
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Recruitment, training and careers of the Security Service officers based on the example of the Opolskie Voivodeship
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 145-176
Introduced in November 1956, Security service, inherited part of its staff from the previous public security offices. As the time passed there were a new recruitment of the young officers from various social environments, representing various levels of education. Mostly high school and public university graduates, both with lack and some work experience at numerous jobs applied to Security Service. Some officers in the Opole Voivodeship have graduated from Departmental Officer’s School or Ensign School. The full potential of promotion was only available to those finishing the Departmental Officer’s School. Until 1972, Security Service officers had to finish a yearlong course at the Training Centre at the Ministry of Internal Affairs in Legionowo. Later the officers staff got its training at the Military Academy in Legionowo and at the Ministry of Internal Affairs Academy in Warsaw. Those without higher education had to graduate from a three year program at the Departmental Universities. Officers with a degree had to finish a yearlong postgraduate course. Most ambitious representatives of the management team were sent for a special training at the KGB Higher School in Soviet Union. Also civilian universities took a vital part in training Security Officers from Opole, including the local universities like School of Education and the College of Engineering in Opole. Close relationships with a public universities were significant in terms of the possibilities operational capabilities of individual SB officers.
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Cadet training in the Officers Vocational School of the Border Protection Army in Kętrzyn between 1967–1991
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 177-191
Article presents the organisation and process of the cadet training in the Officers Vocational School of the Border Protection Army in Kętrzyn between 1967–1991.
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Training of the officers of the provincial security and public order apparatus of the People's Republic of Poland on the example of the Voivodeship Headquarters of the MO in Bydgoszcz between 1956–1980
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 193-318
The article describes the organisation of the system and process of training of the officers of the Voivodeship security apparatus and public order(based on the example of Bydgoszcz Voivodeship) between 1956–1989. Changes in the spectrum of structural organization related to training were tracked, as well as the methods and the choice of subjects of the course. The basic source of materials for this article are archives created by the training apparatus and political and educations part of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MSW) (e.g. normative and reporting documentation) also archives of the Citizens’ Militia party organization at the Voivodeship Committee in Bydgoszcz. The article is accompanied by three tabular annexes containing staffing of positions/training units in cultural-educational and political-educational sectors at KW MO/WUSW in Bydgoszcz and in the field units of MO in the Bydgoszcz Voivodeship between 1956–1990 also annex containing training courses conducted by the Voivodeship Training Centre for Privates of MO/Voivodeship Training centre for Officers of MO by the KW MO/WUSW in Bydgoszcz between 1957–1986, lastly a list of officers sent to work at political and educational positions in the Managing Regiment at KW MO in Bydgoszcz at the time when martial law was imposed.
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Security Service at the public universities. A contribution to non-departmental training of Ministry of the Internal Affairs officers
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 319-333
The text is dedicated to the issue of training of officers of the Ministry of Public Security at public universities in Poland and abroad between 1944 and 1990. In the first years ministry has suffered from a serious shortages of educated staff. These gaps tried to be filled with additional training of the current staff and through attracting potential students using scholarships, obligating them at the same time to service for a specified period. Practically until 1960 a maturity exam wasn’t a requirement in order to be promoted to the officers rank. By the end of 1960, officers has been redirected to do a part time studies at the Vocational Professional Administration Collage, firstly organised at the University in Warsaw, Kraków, Poznań and Wrocław (in 1970 in UMCS branch in Rzeszów and University of Gdańsk). The rise of the level of education of society meant that only those with higher education could get an officers rank. Introduced in 1972 three yearlong departmental schools were meant to provide a stable number of educated officers. However it turned out that they only provided the half of staff needed. In this case a try to get recruit people with higher education was made, as well as sending current officers to the civilian universities. They were also sent to postgraduates courses which allowed them to get an officers promotion. Also a lack of possibility of awarding a PhD title and the lack of the right to confer habilitation caused Ministry of Internal Affairs to send their lecturers to a friendly ministry schools (Ministry of Internal Affairs, KGB) in Moscow or to a civilian or military universities in Poland.
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Teaching program of the Party School at the Central Commettee of the Polish United Workers' Party based on the example of the cultural and educational staff training
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 335-352
The article analyses the teaching program of the Party School at the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR) between 1952–1956, based on the example of cultural and educational staff training. Party’s education was supposed to liquidate the staff shortage severely affecting the state administration and party. After the World War II, when the situation was stabilising and communists strengthened their rule, there was a gradual structural and organizational restructuring of the polish educational system. It was started by the Central School of the Polish Workers’ Party (PPR), established in 1944 in Lublin. The whole party education was strongly connected PPR and PZPR through special departments established for this purpose in the Central Committee. They were Training Department, Department of Party Schools and lastly The Party Training Sector in the Propaganda department. With time, such education has changed its form to mass training, including ordinary members of the party and ordinary employees in the state administration.
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Evolution of the teaching model of the civilian intelligence officers of People's Rebublic of Poland. From Długa Street to Stare Kiejkuty
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 353-367
The article concerns the training of civilian intelligence officers of People’s Poland. Article is showing the changes that took place in Poland and in the environment of special services that had an impact on future graduates of the intelligence school in Warsaw at Długa street (later at the palace at Ksawerów Street), which at the beginning of the seventies was moved to the Centre for Intelligence Training in Kiejkuty in Masuria.
Articles
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A crime inside the Ministry. Murder of PUBP officer in Inowrocław Wincenty Mücke (1901–1945)
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 371-379
Article talks about the unclear circumstances of the death of the officer of the Poviat Office of Public Security in Inowrocław named Wincenty Mücke in 1945. One of the reasons for the murder was a conflict with the First Secretary of the Voivodeship Committee of the Polish Workers Party in Bydgoszcz Antoni Alster.
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"Determined Reactionary". Leopold Tyrmand in the documents of teh security authorities between 1945–1962 (outline of the problem)
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 381-404
Leopold Tyrmand remains as an inspirational figure for many researchers of the twentiethcentury literature. Though there isn’t much published regarding his biography. Documents created by Social Security contain not only informative denunciations, but also describes the operational actions done against the writer. They fill in the gap in Tyrmanda’s life story, known mainly from the publications of Henryk Dasko, Mariusz Urbanka and Marcel Woźniak. In them a careful researcher is able to find unpublished information regarding the various parts of the writer’s life. They make up an interesting comparison material to what has already been known. These documents in an important way complement our knowledge about the activities and the life of Tyrmanda. Inside we can find a valuable information regarding his political and social stands, relationships with other people known in the world of culture and arts, his diplomatic contacts and his attitude towards communism.
Documents
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October tightening of the course. Thoughts on the lecture given by Stanisław Radkiewicz at the meeting of the Presidium of the Polish Committee of National Liberation
Aparat Represji w Polsce Ludowej 1944-1989, No. 1(15) (2017), pages: 407-430
Article contains a transcript from the meeting of the Polish Committee of National Liberation from 4th October 1944, during which the head of the Public Security Departments Stanisław Radkiewicz gave a comprehensive lecture in which he rated the current politics regarding the security and presented a plan for destroying opposition. His speech became a catalyst for another wave of repression which happened to the underground polish resistance from communists.
51 Ministry of Education and Science evaluation points:
40 (2024)
Research areas: humanities
Disciplines: history, security studies, political science and public administration
Editor-in-chief: Dr. habil. Filip Musiał
- Institute of National Remembrance
Commission for the Prosecution
of Crimes against the Polish Nation
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