Wyobraźnia (historyczna) i jej rola w procesie badania przeszłości

Marek Woźniak

Том 22 № 2 (2013)

ISSN:

1427-7476

Section: Studia

Wyobraźnia (historyczna) i jej rola w procesie badania przeszłości

Marek Woźniak

Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość, Том 22 № 2 (2013), pages: 41-53

Publication date: 2013-12-30

PDF (Język Polski)

Аннотация

The critic of the fundamental foundations of the traditional historiography was/is particularly influential from the point of view proposed by widely understood constructivism. It questioned that reality is something external and independent from cognition, and that the truth or falsity of its results depends on the nature of the world. In light of constructivism knowledge cannot be treated as an effect of the relation between the subject and object, its shape is not defined by the external world and, finally, that the scientific apparatus does not provide an adequate image (description) of the world (independent from culture). In this way from the constructivists’ conceptions of history we cannot say that “the past is real”, at least, “not the past as it is used by historians”. The images of the past are therefore a construction and are intelligible, not because of their own nature, but because of the a priori criteria which establish their intelligibility and which contribute to the knowledge of historians or the society in which they operate. Historians can be perceived as a part of the whole system, and their social credibility depends not only on (historical) sources, but on the fact that their discourse has its roots in cultural, social and linguistic prejudices that shape our perception of reality (or the past). Within the framework of these changes the category of (historical) imagination and its part in possible images of the past formulated by historians arouses special interest. From this point of view we can see (historical) imagination as a tool participating in constructing images of the past. Reflection on historical imagination in this way can lead to showing in new light not only the cultural prejudices of historical cognition (historical studies), but above all the reason for the necessity to reformulate the investigative programs and the forms of representing the past. The problems and questions raised in the article derive perhaps only from necessity a fundamental change of our relation to imagination. So in everyday life, the media, art, literature, and also scientific discourse, imagination – often even in defiance of arguments that some time appear in social and scientific circulation – is identified as “fiction and fantasy”, and leads to it being treated as an alternative for “truth and reality”. Meanwhile, it seems that likewise we do not think about a given culture that is true or false, so we should not also bring discussion on imagination into problems of its falsity or fictionality irrespective of whether we treat imagination as a “child of culture” or inversely, culture as a “child of imagination”. However, we wish to emphasize at this point, that it is not our intention to suggest that (historical) imagination is the (essential or crucial) tool of cognition of past reality, but rather we ask if imagination has such an essential part in historical knowledge, can we perceive it in the investigative practice of historians. Therefore, we do not try to force the thesis that the stories composed by historians are the work of imagination, but rather that representation (re-presence) of the past is possible with, or even thanks to, (historical) imagination.

Библиографические ссылки

- Krzysztof Pomian, Historia. Nauka wobec pamięci, Lublin 2006. - Marek Woźniak, Przeszłość jako przedmiot konstrukcji, Lublin 2010. - W. von Humboldt, O zadaniu historiografa [w:] Opowiadanie historii, red. J. Kałążny, Poznań 2003. - S. Smolka, Słowo o historii [w:] Historycy o historii, t. 1: 1775–1918, red. M. Serejski, Warszawa 1963. - S. Zakrzewski, Kultura historyczna [w:] Historycy o historii, t. 1: 1775–1918, red. M. Serejski, Warszawa 1963. - L. Finkel, Pojęcie, zakres i zadania dziejów powszechnych [w:] Historycy o historii, t. 2: 1918–1939, red. M. Serejski, Warszawa 1966. - A. Schinkel, Imagination as a category of history: an essay concerning koselleck’s concepts of erfahrungsraum and erwartungshorizont, „History and Theory” 2005, nr 44. - N.J. Thomas, Imagery and the Coherence of Imagination, „The Journal of Philosophical Research” 1997, nr 22. - N.J. Thomas, Theories of Imagination? An Active Perception Approach to Conscious Mental Content, „Cognitive Science” 1999, nr 23. - P.L. Harris, The Work of Imagination, Blackwell 2000. - P. Harpur, The Philosophers’ Secret Fire. A history of the imagination, London 2002. - P. Veyne, Did the Greeks believe in their myths? An essey on the constitutive imagination, Chicago 1988. - L. Stevenson, Twelve conceptions of imagination, „British Journal of Aesthetics” 2003, t. 43, nr 3. - M. Hughes-Warrington, How Good an Historian Shall I Be? R.G. Collingwood, the Historical Imagination and Education, Imprint Academic, British Idealist Studies Series 2 (Colingwood) Volume2, Exeter 2004. - P. Ricoeur, Imagination in Discourse and in Action [w:] Rethinking imagination. Culture and creativity, red. G. Robinson, J. Rundell, London 1994. - H. Cooper, History in the Early Years, New York 1995. - J. Trąbka, Wyobraźnia, Kraków 2001, . - A.R. Hart, Imagination in History [w:] „American Historical Review”, 1910, nr 15. - M.A. Henry, Problemized narratives: history as fiction in E. L. Doctorow’s „Billy Bathgate” (Comparative Metafiction), „Critique. Studies in Contemporary Fiction” 1997, vol. 39, nr 1. - D.H. Sacks, Imagination in history. (Practicing New Historicism & Hamlet in Purgatory), „Shakespeare Studies” 2003, nr 31. - H.S. Hughes, History as Art and as Science: Twin Vistas on the Past, New York 1964. - J.L. Gaddis, The Landscape of History: How Historians Map the past, Oxford–New York 2002. - R. Smith, Reflection on the historical imagination, „History of the Human Sciences” 2000, t. 13, nr 4. - H. Ritter, Dictionary of Concepts in History, London 1986. - J. Chiari, Realism and imagination, London 1960. - P. Veyne, Did the Greeks believe in their myths? An essey on the constitutive imagination, Chicago 1988. - M. Fulbrook, Historical Theory: Ways of Imagining the Past, London–New York 2002. - B.C. McCullagh, The Logic of History: Putting Postmodernism in Perspective, New York 2004. - M.C. Lemon, Philosophy of history: a guide for students, London–New York 2003. - D.W. Blight, Beyond the Battlefield: Race, Memory, and the American Civil War, Amherst (University of Massachusetts) 2002. - B. Taylor, Introduction: How Far, How Near: Distance and Proximity in the Historical Imagination, „History Workshop Journal” 2004, vol. 57, nr 1. - T.B. Macaulay, History, „Edinburgh Review, or Critical Journal”, 47 (1828). - H. Ritter, Dictionary of Concepts in History, London 1986. - R. Collingwood, The Idea of History, Oxford 1946. - H. White, Poetyka pisarstwa historycznego, Kraków 2002. - W.M. Nowak, Robina G. Collingwooda filozofia historii, Lublin 2002. - H. White, The Content of the Form. Narrative Discourse and Historicaal Representation, Baltimore 1987. - J. Topolski, Metodologia historii, Warszawa 1984. - J. Topolski, The role of logic and aesthetics in constructing narrative wholes in historiography, „History & Theory” 1999, t. 38, nr 2. - R. Tseng, The Sceptical Idealist: Michael Oakeshott as a Critic of the Enlightenment, Exeter 2003. - M. Johnson, Image Schemata Definitions [w:] The Body in the Mind. The bodily Basis of Meaning, Imagination and Reason, Chicago 1987. - J. Pomorski, Historiografia jako refleksja kultury poznającej [w:] Świat historii, red. W. Wrzosek, Poznań 1998. - K. Pomian, Historia. Nauka wobec pamięci, Lublin 2006. - J. Abromeit, M. Cobb, Herbert Marcuse: A Critical Reader, Routledge 2004. - R.F. Storch, The Politics of the imagination, „Studies in Romanticism” 1982, t. 21, nr 3. - K.H.R. Anderson, Imagination and ideology: Ethical tensions in twentieth-century French writing, „The Modern Language Review” 2001, t. 96, nr 1.

Citation rules

Woźniak, M. (2013). Wyobraźnia (historyczna) i jej rola w procesie badania przeszłości. Pamięć I Sprawiedliwość, 22(2), 41–53. извлечено от https://czasopisma.ipn.gov.pl/index.php/pis/article/view/293

Statistics

Скачивания

Данные скачивания пока недоступны.

Share it

Том 22 № 2 (2013)

ISSN:

1427-7476

Data publikacji:
2013-12-30

Dział: Studia