Afficher Vol. 19 No 1 (2012)

Vol. 19 No 1 (2012)

ISSN:
1427-7476

Section: Varia

Stosunki pomiędzy NSZZ „Solidarność” a PZPR w zakładach pracy województwa katowickiego jesienią 1981 roku

Jakub Kazimierski

Instytut Historii Wydział Nauk Społecznych Uniwersytet Śląski

Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość, Vol. 19 No 1 (2012), pages: 325-349

Publication date: 2012-06-30

Résumé

Since the very creation of “Solidarity”, the problem of mutual relations in enterprises between free trade unions and communist party structures, became highly important. From the fi rst months of Solidarity’s activities, the situation at workplace was characterised by an aggravating confl ict between the trade union supported by workers and the unaccepted communist party, generally blamed for the economic and social crisis. The foundation of free trade unions and Solidarity’s dynamic activity in enterprises emphasised the scale of social disapproval of PZPR’s policies, demonstrating how feeble were the social foundations of communist rule, and the extent of the helplessness of PZPR’s basic structures in face of a social subject that was not subordinated to the ruling party. The conflict was especially deep in the enterprises of Katowice voivodeship, that were strategically important for the economy of PRL (People’s Republic of Poland). Relations between the communist party and the trade union suffered additionally in Silesian coal mines, as a consequence of the government’s resolution no. 199/81 – adopted against Solidarity’s will – imposing production in coal mines on free Saturdays. In autumn 1981, the process of leaving the Katowice communist party organisation by its members continued, both by ordinary members of PZPR, and employed representatives of the party apparatus as well. Communist party’s units in plants, in many mines, mills and factories of the Katowice voivodeship practically lost their operating capacity, and their influence on workers was a complete fiction. The hierarchic structure of jurisdiction of the voivodeship executive over the ordinary mass of members, that had been developed for years, ceased to function in late autumn 1981. A few attempts, undertaken by the 1 st secretary of the Voivodeship Committee (KW) of PZPR in Katowice, Andrzej Żabiński, to stimulate the activity of party members in Silesian plants, ended in complete failure. “Solidarity” added dynamics to social processes, by increasingly extending its influence over the operations of enterprises. In October 1981, the first demands were put forward to eliminate communist party structures from workplaces, and to deprive party secretaries of their job contracts. These tendencies intensified with particular force in the next weeks. In November and early December such demands were already voiced by many mines and mills of the Katowice voivodeship, sometimes in form of ultimatum. Similar processes took place in enterprises throughout the country. The demands to remove the communist party from enterprises were usually justified by the party’s political nature inconsistent with the economic purpose of enterprises, and the destructive impact of basic party cells and committees both on the personnel of enterprises, and their economic activities. The introduction of martial law and suspension of Solidarity’s activities stopped the developments that were dangerous for the communist party.

L. Dorn, Konflikt, „Głos” 1980, nr 33, Wstęp do programu i założenia ideowe. Propozycje dla NSZZ „Solidarność, oprac. S. Kurowski, Warszawa 1981, J. Wacławek, Podstawowa Organizacja PZPR, Warszawa 1976, W. Lenin, List do towarzysza o naszych zadaniach organizacyjnych [w:] Dzieła, t. 6, Warszawa 1952, s. 244. K. Wolicki, Polska: 1980 i potem, „Krytyka” 1981, nr 8, T. Ruzikowski, „Przewodnia siła” w stanie wojennym, „Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej” 2002, nr 5, Z. Zwoźniak, Jak rodziła się „Solidarność”. Region Śląsko-Dąbrowski 1980–1981, Warszawa 1990, J. Jurkiewicz, Jedna dekada – trzy epoki [w:] Droga do niepodległości. „Solidarność” 1980–2005, Warszawa 2005, s. XXII (22) J. Loch, Na taczkach, „Polityka” 1981, W. Lis, Marzenia o ideałach [w:] Przepychanka, zebrał J. Cieszewski, Warszawa 1989, s. 59-60. J. Holzer, „Solidarność” 1980–1981. Geneza i historia, Warszawa 1990, A. Paczkowski, Droga do mniejszego zła. Strategia i taktyka obozu władzy. Lipiec 1980 – styczeń 1982, Kraków 2002, A. Dudek, Bez pomocy nie damy rady, „Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej” 2009, nr 12, L. Maj, Śląska SB w akcji, „Opinia” 1977, nr 6, J. Neja, Zanim nadszedł sierpień, „Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej” 2004, nr 6–7, Co nam zostało z tych lat… Opozycja polityczna 1976–1980 z dzisiejszej perspektywy, red. J. Eisler, Warszawa 2003, P. Pawłowski, Struktury Służby Bezpieczeństwa MSW 1975–1990, „Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość” 2003, nr 1, K. Czabański, Pierwsze podejście. Zapiski naocznego świadka, Warszawa 2005,

Articles les plus lus par le même auteur ou la même autrice

Kazimierski, J. (2012). Stosunki pomiędzy NSZZ „Solidarność” a PZPR w zakładach pracy województwa katowickiego jesienią 1981 roku. Pamięć I Sprawiedliwość, 19(1), 325–349. Consulté à l’adresse https://czasopisma.ipn.gov.pl/index.php/pis/article/view/361

Statistics

Téléchargements

Les données relatives au téléchargement ne sont pas encore disponibles.

Share it

Share |
                            Afficher Vol. 19 No 1 (2012)

Vol. 19 No 1 (2012)

ISSN:
1427-7476

Data publikacji:
2012-01-12

Dział: Varia