The Polish-Expatriate Chamber of Commerce and Industry “Interpolcom” was primarily an association of representatives of various foreign trade enterprises (PZH) and enterprises owned by a member of the Polish diaspora abroad, the so-called expatriate capital companies (PPZ). While founded in 1977, it became more active in the next decade. Its governing goal was to coordinate the broadly understood economic cooperation of the country with the expatriate Polish community. As an organization at the intersection of foreign countries, it became a natural object of interest for the communist secret services of the Polish People’s Republic, mainly in the aspect of counterintelligence protection. In 1983, the Warsaw branch was established as one of the five field operations of “Interpolcom”; the local operations intended to oversee the cooperation of the PPZs and PHZs from a given area with relevant state administration bodies. The establishment of the branch prompted the Warsaw Security Service to register a separate operation, “Mazowsze,” running until 1990. Thus, the surveillance was twopronged, dealing with “Interpolcom” as such as well as with its Warsaw branch. The preserved materials of the case (most likely incomplete) seem to point to at least two phenomena. First, the leadership of the Ministry of Internal Affairs believed that counterintelligence was unable to control the Chamber and counteract satisfactorily. Secondly, it seems, at least based on Security Service’s materials, that despite theoretically ample opportunities, “Interpolcom” itself was not able to meet its statutory obligations and foster the activity of its members, who treated their membership as a pure formality (which was not unusual). It indicates a double failure of the party and state apparatus in attempts to subdue the (assumedly) licensed capitalism: an official and institutional failure and a secret and counterintelligence one.