The years of the People’s Republic of Poland generated a radical increase in the number of intellectual workers: their number tripled (from 664,500 in 1931 to 2,100,300 in 1956) when compared to the interwar period, with industry employees constituting the largest group among them (as many as 449,200). This dynamic growth was the result of a specific nature of the communist states, that is the pursuit of supervision and control of all the spheres of social and economic life. Such an accelerated process of social advancement was bound to affect the “quality” of the new personnel and their political choices. First of all, the increase in the number of people qualified for the intelligentsia contributed only slightly to the effectiveness of the economic system and the satisfaction of the citizens’ social needs. For the authorities, it was crucial that the members of the communist party and the social and economic elites mostly came up from the so-called new intelligentsia. However, their accession to the Polish Workers’ Party and the Polish United Workers’ Party was not so much because they identified with the program or its ideological goals, but rather that the prevailing authoritarian attitudes prompted them to support the existing power. In this context, it is difficult not to agree with Jan Lutyński who formulated the conclusion that the proverbial homo sovieticus was not only the “product and pillar” of real socialism but also the source of its slow destruction and decline.